Front of Patriotic and National Parties

Front of Patriotic and National Parties جبهة الأحزاب الوطنية والقومية
Leaders	Musa al-Sadr Nabih Berri Assem Qanso Kamal Chatila
Dates active	1976 – 1982
Groups	Amal Movement SSNP-L (pro-Syrian faction) Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Lebanon (pro-Syrian faction) Union of Working People's Forces Razkari Party
Headquarters	West Beirut
Active regions	West Beirut Beqaa Valley Southern Lebanon
Wars	Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990)

The Front of Patriotic and National Parties – FPNP (Arabic: جبهة الأحزاب الوطنية والقومية | Jabhat al-Ahzab al-Wataniyya wal-Qawmiyya) was a Syrian-backed coalition of Lebanese Political parties and militias formed in the late 1970s.

Origins

It was formed in late March 1976 at West Beirut by breakaway sections of the Lebanese National Movement (LNM), which included the pro-Syrian factions of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party in Lebanon (SSNP-L) and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Lebanon; As well as the Shia Amal Movement led by Musa al-Sadr, the Union of Working People's Forces (UWPF) led by Kamal Chatila, and the Kurdish Razkari Party. The FPNP supported the June 1976 Syrian intervention in Lebanon.

Decline and demise

The alliance lasted until mid-1982, when it collapsed together with their LNM rival in the wake of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon.

See also

• Lebanese Civil War
• Lebanese National Movement
• Lebanese National Salvation Front
• Jammoul
• List of extrajudicial killings and political violence in Lebanon

References

• Edgar O'Ballance, Civil War in Lebanon, 1975-92, Palgrave Macmillan, London 1998. ISBN 0-333-72975-7
• Rex Brynen, Sanctuary and Survival: the PLO in Lebanon, Boulder: Westview Press, Oxford 1990. ISBN 0 86187 123 5 –
• Itamar Rabinovich, The war for Lebanon, 1970-1985, Cornell University Press, Ithaca and London 1989 (revised edition). ISBN 978-0-8014-9313-3, 0-8014-9313-7 –
• Lucien Bitterlin, La flamme et le soufre, VegaPress, 1988. ISBN 9782906480049 (in French) –
• Naomi Joy Weinberger, Syrian Intervention in Lebanon: The 1975-76 Civil War, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1986. ISBN 978-0195040104, 0195040104
• Tom Najem and Roy C. Amore, Historical Dictionary of Lebanon, Second Edition, Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham, Boulder, New York & London 2021. ISBN 9781538120439, 1538120437

External links

• Chamussy (René) – Chronique d'une guerre: Le Liban 1975-1977 – éd. Desclée – 1978 (in French)