ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱢᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱰᱤᱥ (ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ)

== ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ==
[[File:Jaundice.jpg|thumb|[[ᱡᱤ᱖ᱯᱤᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ|G6PD ᱠᱚᱢ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ]]
ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱰᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ (ᱥᱠᱞᱮᱨᱟ) ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gondal B, Aronsohn A | title = A Systematic Approach to Patients with Jaundice | journal = Seminars in Interventional Radiology | volume = 33 | issue = 4 | pages = 253–258 | date = December 2016 | pmid = 27904243 | pmc = 5088098 | doi = 10.1055/s-0036-1592331 }}</ref> ᱥᱠᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱠᱴᱮᱨᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱓ mg/dl ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱹᱲᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱵ (ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟ) ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱸᱰᱩ (ᱮᱠᱳᱞᱤᱭᱟ) ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱤᱡ (ᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Goroll AH |title= Primary care medicine: office evaluation and management of the adult patient |date= 2009 |publisher= Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |location= Philadelphia |isbn= 978-0-7817-7513-7 |page= 496 |edition= 6th |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=bIZvJPcSEXMC&pg=PA496 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170908204555/https://books.google.com/books?id=bIZvJPcSEXMC&pg=PA496 |archive-date= 2017-09-08 }}</ref> ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟᱭ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱰᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = James WD |title=Andrews' diseases of the skin: clinical dermatology| url = https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseaseso0000jame_10ed |date=2006|publisher=Saunders Elsevier|others=Berger, Timothy G.; Elston, Dirk M.; Odom, Richard B.|isbn=0-7216-2921-0|edition=10th|location=Philadelphia|oclc=62736861}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bassari R, Koea JB | title = Jaundice associated pruritis: a review of pathophysiology and treatment | journal = World Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 21 | issue = 5 | pages = 1404–1413 | date = February 2015 | pmid = 25663760 | pmc = 4316083 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v21.i5.1404 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
ᱢᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱡᱚᱝᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱞᱟᱥᱴᱤᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱠᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝᱚᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱠᱞᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱤᱠᱴᱮᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱠᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱡᱚᱝᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, "ᱢᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ" ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱡᱚᱝᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱤᱠᱴᱮᱨᱟᱥ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = McGee SR |title=Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis |date=2018 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-323-39276-1 |pages=59–68 |edition=4th |chapter=Jaundice}}</ref>
ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱰᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱠᱞᱮᱨᱟ, ᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟ, ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱢᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |author1=Malone Mukwende |title=Mind the Gap: A handbook of clinical signs in Black and Brown skin |url=https://sgul.figshare.com/articles/online_resource/Mind_the_Gap_A_handbook_of_clinical_signs_in_Black_and_Brown_skin/12769988 |website=St George's University of London |date=2020 |doi=10.24376/rd.sgul.12769988.v1 |access-date=2025-05-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Ferdinand |first=Joshua |title=Recognising Clinical Signs and Symptoms on Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) Skin Types |journal=Atomic Academia |date=2024 |doi=10.62594/LTHW5053}}</ref>
ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱰᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ᱾ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ, ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Neville BW |title=Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology |publisher=Elsevier |year=2012 |isbn=978-981-4371-07-0 |edition=3rd |location=Singapore |page=798 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱡᱩᱜᱮᱴᱮᱰ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱨᱩᱵᱤᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱟᱢᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ (ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱭᱯᱳᱯᱞᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ)᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Amin SB, Karp JM, Benzley LP | title = Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and early childhood caries in a diverse group of neonates | journal = American Journal of Perinatology | volume = 27 | issue = 5 | pages = 393–397 | date = May 2010 | pmid = 20013583 | pmc = 3264945 | doi = 10.1055/s-0029-1243314 }}</ref>